This chapter looks at the problematic dynamics of gender within the family, state, and society in India, exploring how deeply entrenched patriarchal norms and structures shape the experiences and roles of women across these spheres. It examines the historical and cultural contexts that have perpetuated gender inequalities and how these disparities manifest in contemporary Indian society. The analysis includes an exploration of legal frameworks, policy measures, and social practices that impact gender relations within the family unit, highlighting both progress and persistent challenges. By investigating the intersections of caste, class, and religion with gender, the chapter provides a critical understanding of how various forms of social stratification exacerbate gendered experiences. It also considers the role of the state in reinforcing traditional gender roles through legislation and public policies. Furthermore, the chapter discusses the influence of societal attitudes and norms on gender expectations and the everyday realities of women. Through a critical review of recent developments and examples, the chapter aims to illuminate the ongoing struggle for gender equity and the transformative potential of feminist movements and gender-sensitive policies in reshaping the landscape of Indian family, state, and society.