India’s controversial Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA) was signed into law on Friday, December 12th, 2019. It is the most recent amendment to the 1955 Citizenship Act and provides a fast-track to Indian citizenship for migrants belonging to minority communities from Afghanistan, Bangladesh, and Pakistan if they entered the territory of India before 31 December 2014. It reduces the required period of residence before naturalization from eleven years to five years. It also exempts them from any pending proceedings for “illegal immigration.” Most perniciously, the Act redefines access to Indian citizenship on ethno-religious grounds, making it easier for Hindus, Parsis, Sikhs, Jains, Buddhists, and Christians to naturalize, while leaving out Muslims from these countries.