The plight of climate refugees is a global crisis that requires global cooperation and regional responses. The United States and India are important regional destination countries for climate refugees. “Climate refugees” are not recognized as a category of people entitled to protection in either country; however, legal mechanisms in both countries can be applied to cross-border displacement due to climate change. Part I of the article introduces the challenge of defining the term “climate refugees.” Part II addresses legal mechanisms in India that can be used to protect people displaced across the border as refugees or protected persons, and Part III reviews these mechanisms in the United States. Part IV evaluates what the United States and India can learn from best practices in climate migration legislation in Europe and international human rights law. It also explores what these two countries can learn from each other’s best practices in developing governance frameworks for climate refugees.