Green banking is pivotal in aligning the financial sector with sustainability objectives. It plays a crucial role in mitigating environmental risks and fostering responsible banking practices with the potential for long-term economic benefits. In the last decade, there has been substantial growth in research on green banking. However, a notable gap exists in comprehensive reviews that consolidate and clarify the core themes in this field. To bridge this gap, the study combines bibliometric analysis and structural topic modelling, delving into a dataset of 169 articles from Elsevier’s Scopus database, covering 2012 to 2023. This study focuses on green banking, identifying key themes, scrutinising publication trends, and recognising influential journals. Notably, "Sustainability (Switzerland)" stands out as the leading source, contributing 9 articles, equivalent to around 5.3% of the total articles. These research findings offer valuable insights into the evolving landscape of green banking research. The outcomes of structural topic modelling reveal three distinct thematic clusters: i) Green banking and sustainability, ii) The role of technology and customer perceptions in green banking, and iii) Financial performance and regulations in green banking. Future green banking research will centre on assessing economic effects, enhancing transparency, and promoting sustainability through new financial tools and technology like blockchain and AI. The emphasis will be on policy frameworks, standardised metrics, and interdisciplinary research to encourage eco-friendly banking practices. These results enrich the comprehension of green banking by highlighting vital themes and crucial keywords. They hold significant relevance for diverse audiences, encompassing scholars, policymakers, financial institutions, and professionals in the industry.