The agricultural sector plays a crucial role in the economies of developing nations, especially with the global population increasing by around 83 million annually. To meet the growing demand for food, there's a pressing need to enhance the efficiency of agricultural crop production. Solanaceous crops are significant because of their high yield potential and nutritional and medicinal value. To address food security challenges, there's a choice between expanding arable land or adopting advanced technologies to improve crop productivity. This review aims to summarize recent advancements in solanaceous crop horticulture, focusing on the role of nanotechnology in mitigating environmental stress. Studies indicate that emerging technologies like nanotechnology offer promising solutions for enhancing the efficiency of fertilizers and pesticides in a limited timeframe. By improving nutrient utilization and agronomic traits, nanoparticle applications can enhance crop growth and yield. Moreover, nanoparticles show potential in disease management. Maintaining crop quality while minimizing yield losses is challenging, particularly in vegetable crops. Nanotechnology offers a means to alleviate biotic and abiotic stresses without compromising crop quality or quantity. This review highlights the potential of nanotechnology as a tool for boosting agricultural productivity and managing environmental stressors in the context of solanaceous crops.