Catastrophes provoke theological questions and awaken the awareness of human wrongdoing. This essay explores three interpretations of catastrophes. It begins with a discussion of M. K. Gandhi’s statements on the Bihar earthquake of 1934, which he described as divine punishment for the sin of untouchability. It then describes the perspectives of Ramchandra Gandhi on the Bihar earthquake and the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami, which are viewed as reactions to the distorted karma of dualistic consciousness in relation to human beings and nature. Finally, it discusses the narrative of Naresh, a migrant worker in Delhi, which depicts the Indian Ocean tsunami and other ecological catastrophes as the martyrdom of the earth goddess within the advancing epoch of the Kalyug. The essay concludes with a consideration of possible atonements for catastrophes