One of the most common cancers that result in mortality is oesophageal cancer. The incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of oesophageal cancer must be better understood in order to enhance treatment and prevention. Oesophageal cancer is a well-known malignancy with a high incidence and death rate, and the prognosis is frequently dismal. Oesophageal cancer cases and deaths have considerably increased over the previous few decades. Geographic variations have an impact on the incidence rates of the two prevalent oesophageal pathological categories, oesophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) and oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). The goal of this research to investigating oesophageal cancer risk factors in high-prevalence locations in order to find effective early detection and treatment strategies. Information on demographic traits, lifestyle elements, dietary practices, and medical history was gathered and examined using sophisticated statistical methods. The study revealed many important risk factors, including nutritional habits, environmental exposures, cigarette and alcohol use, and genetic propensity. It also investigated how socioeconomic factors may affect the incidence of cancer. The study shows differences in risk variables based on age groups in areas with high oesophageal cancer incidence. According to the available evidence, it is clear that environmental and behavioral risk factors significantly impact the increased incidence of oesophageal cancer in young people