The Security Council is the most powerful international organ dealing with international peace, whereas R2P is a global approach to prevent or respond to mass atrocities. The chapter examines how the norm R2P has originated, developed and gathered global acceptance, distancing itself from the problematic “humanitarian intervention”, and also how the Security Council has shown unsatisfactory record to exercise R2P and protect people at risk. The R2P is a global norm, however, the composition of the Security Council is far from global, and there is an urgent need to reform the Security Council to make it globally representative. The chapter further discusses the model for Security Council reform 8 + 8 + 8, proposed by the author, and elaborates how this model can satisfy all regional groups and member-states.