In this editorial we present the content and key theoretical aspects of studies in the virtual special issue on resources melioration and the circular economy. Sustainability, resource melioration, and circular economy concepts that provide the foundation of these studies are described in this editorial. Important conceptual themes from the special issue studies are presented. Eleven included studies grouped into five categories are summarized. Major theoretical developments and the practical implications are summarized. Energy efficiency, material resource efficiency, circular economy models, decision and policy support are the key perspectives identified. Numerous practical policy and managerial implications are summarized. Overall, it would behoove policy makers and practitioners to adopt resources circularity for extracted resources, minerals, and mining, sectors, especially for emerging economies.