In this supposedly ‘scientific age’, deception detection tests have been offered as a solution to the inadequacies of the Indian criminal justice system. However, could it be possible that many of these approaches actually lack the scientific support necessary to validate their usage in any criminal justice system? The backgrounds, analysis procedure, and limitations of various psychophysiological methods will be discussed—namely the polygraph, brain-mapping, and narcoanalysis. The reliability of these methods will also be explored, and the appropriateness of their continued or prospective usage will be debated. This chapter will address the role of these approaches in the courtroom by discussing different legal cases from India where such measures were employed in trials and decision-making processes.