The various chapters in this book provide a detailed account of the various determinants and factors that influence the filing of a dispute at the WTO. While most trade issues do not result in full-fledged dispute settlement proceedings, commercial diplomacy remains an effective tool. Although commercial or economic diplomacy is different from political diplomacy both could work in tandem and in complementary tracks. Furthermore, various case specific studies in this book demonstrate the importance of bottom-up participation in WTO disputes, led by a vigilant industry and professional trade lawyers often buttressing the work of the trade officials. The various chapters in this book reaffirm the effectiveness of the public-private participation model that India has employed since the early days of WTO dispute settlement.