With terminal illnesses such as HIV/AIDS taking lives of millions of patients, health innovation and drug distribution require robust licensing models that enable the inventor and the patient to receive benefits from the successful transfer of health technologies. This Chapter argues that the patent pooling cross-licensing arrangement envisaged under UNITAID’s Medicine Patent Pools can address issues of exorbitant drug pricing and distribution in developing countries through Indian bio-generics. Furthermore, it is proposed that the adoption of reforms such as the open prosecution of patents through the crowdsourcing of experts can improve public health management and technology transfer to meet the demands of research, drug development and distribution of essential medicines in developing economies such as India.