The present chapter examines the reception of Nietzsche’s thought in colonial India, highlighting how his ideas were interpreted and transferred by Indian thinkers within the context of anti-colonial nationalism. During British colonial rule, India underwent significant social and religious transformations, with religion being increasingly politicized to mobilize resistance against colonial domination. Indian intellectuals such as Benoy Kumar Sarkar, Shankar Ramachandra Rajwade, and Bal Gangadhar Tilak engaged with Nietzsche’s concepts-including the Übermensch, his critique of asceticism, and his rejection of Christianity—to further their own agendas. Nietzsche’s critique of asceticism was interpreted as a call for political activism, while his rejection of Christianity was understood as a repudiation of colonial influence and a reassertion of indigenous culture. However, Nietzsche’s ideas were often selectively interpreted, and his later association with National Socialism contributed to a critical stance toward his philosophy in Indian academic circles. Bhim Rao Ambedkar, for instance, criticized Hinduism as potentially fascist and saw Nietzsche’s Übermensch as connected to totalitarian ideologies. This chapter demonstrates how Nietzsche’s philosophy was received in India in a manner distinct from its original European context.