he recent turmoil in Bangladesh—marked by recurring episodes of violence, intimidation, and displacement affecting religious minorities—has once again drawn international attention to the precarious position of minority communities under international law. Periods of political instability in the country have repeatedly coincided with minority bashing, revealing the limits of constitutional guarantees and international commitments when confronted with majoritarian impulses. These developments reaffirm the continuing relevance of minority protection as a subject of international law and provide a timely context for examining broader legal frameworks, as well as India’s role in shaping minority rights at the international level.