Global industries are increasingly challenged to bring together digital transformation and sustainable development in response to intensifying climate and resource pressures; however, despite increasing international attention on green transition, many firms, especially in emerging economies, are still struggling to use financial technologies (FinTech) to enhance the performance of sustainable supply chains. This research is based on the Dynamic Capability View (DCV) and investigates how FinTech, which includes big data analytics (BDA), artificial intelligence (AI), blockchain technology utilization (BT), and the industrial internet of things (IIoT) utilization, supports green technological innovation (GTI) and improves green supply chain performance (GSCP) among manufacturing small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Using a time-lagged design and data collected from 373 manufacturing SMEs across three survey waves, the results showed that BDA, AI, BT, and the IIoT significantly enhance GTI, which in turn improves GSCP. Moreover, data-driven lean and green practices (DLGP) have a positive moderating relationship, indicating that both digital financial tools and analytics-based management practices together have greater environmental and operational benefits. The research builds on the DCV by conceptualizing FinTech as a strategic resource for sustainability-oriented innovation with practical insights for managers and policymakers that facilitate green and digital transformation in supply chains.