The creation of information: how evolution generates novel improvisations in the biosphere

Roli, Andrea, Patra, Sudip and Kauffman, Stuart (2025) The creation of information: how evolution generates novel improvisations in the biosphere. Interface Focus. ISSN 2042-8901

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Abstract

Information is a widespread term in science, characterized by a high degree of semantic overload. In biology, information is mentioned in reference to both semiotic perspectives and approaches based on information theory. While the former deals with relations and meanings, the latter is focused on syntactic measures, often based on Shannon entropy and statistical properties of sequences of symbols. The investigation of semantic and syntactic properties of information in living systems and evolution dates back to the mid-twentieth century, when cybernetics scholars started to address the topic of semantic information (e.g. [1]). The achievements of information-theory approaches to some fields of biology are undeniable, but are bounded by specific and algorithmically defined limits. Fundamental questions concerning meaningmaking, the notion of information itself and its origin still need to be further investigated. In this contribution, we address the problem of the creation of information in the context of the evolution of the biosphere. Our first step is to acknowledge that pivotal to evolutionary steps are affordances, which are seized by heritable variations and natural selection. As affordances are not independent properties of the environment but rather emerge from the interplay among organisms, their goals and their repertoire of actions [2,3] and are not listable nor can they be deduced one from another [4,5], an algorithmic approach fails in capturing the evolution of the biosphere. Here, the distinction between domains of laws and domains of non-entailing laws emerges: the evolution of the biosphere, driven by seized affordances, is a prominent example of a domain where laws are created as the space of possibilities expands along evolution. This expansion is, in fact, the core ingredient for the creation of information, which emerges as the result of a continuous dynamics between affordances and constraints. We conclude our discussion with implications for open-ended evolution (OEE).

Item Type: Article
Keywords: affordance| constraint| information| meaningmaking| Kantian whole| domains of laws and domains of non-entailing laws| evolution
Subjects: Social Sciences and humanities > Arts and Humanities > History and Philosophy of Science
Physical, Life and Health Sciences > Mathematics
Physical, Life and Health Sciences > Biology
JGU School/Centre: Jindal School of Government and Public Policy
Depositing User: Mr. Gautam Kumar
Date Deposited: 22 Nov 2025 14:58
Last Modified: 22 Nov 2025 14:58
Official URL: https://doi.org/10.1098/rsfs.2025.0038
URI: https://pure.jgu.edu.in/id/eprint/10397

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