Understanding the Illicit Flows of Fentanyl from China to the United States

Pathak, Sriparna (2025) Understanding the Illicit Flows of Fentanyl from China to the United States. In: Fentanyl : from the Labs to the Streets. 1st ed. Taylor and Francis, New York, 237- 255. ISBN 9781003631873

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Abstract

In the last 20 years, drug overdose deaths have increased significantly in many parts of the world, as every year a record number of deaths are reported. Overdose deaths are driven primarily by the misuse of opioids, often in combination with other drugs. The epicenter of the overdose crisis is in North America, and it has been deeply affecting individuals, families, communities, and societies. With the availability of ever evolving and more potent synthetic opioids and stimulants, the crisis becomes deeper and protracted. According to the 2023 World Health Organization report on opioid overdose, the category of opioids includes compounds that are extracted from the poppy plant, as well as semi-synthetic compounds with similar properties that can interact with opioid receptors in the brain. Opioids are commonly used for pain treatment, and include medicines such as morphine, fentanyl, and tramadol. 1 The report further adds that fentanyl and its chemically similar analogues, which include carfentanil, acetylfentanyl, butyrfentanyl, and furanyl fentanyl, have been associated with a spike in deaths from opioid overdose, and that there is evidence that drug sellers add fentanyl to increase potency of their illegal products including heroin.

Item Type: Book Section
Subjects: Physical, Life and Health Sciences > Health Policy
Physical, Life and Health Sciences > Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Social Sciences and humanities > Social Sciences > Social Sciences (General)
Social Sciences and humanities > Social Sciences > Safety Research
JGU School/Centre: Jindal School of International Affairs
Depositing User: Mr. Luckey Pathan
Date Deposited: 12 Sep 2025 12:15
Last Modified: 12 Sep 2025 12:15
Official URL: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003631873-16
URI: https://pure.jgu.edu.in/id/eprint/10095

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