International trade has long been recognised as an engine of economic growth. The crossborder goods, services and related financial flows that drive this engine, often face delays and disruptions on account of tariff collections, non-tariff barriers, and other regulatory compliances at the sovereign boundaries. This recognition of the impact of non-tariff barriers on cross border trade has resulted in a greater focus on the concept and implementation of trade facilitation. This study is an attempt by the author, to draw upon his experience, as a civil servant and practitioner implementing various trade facilitation initiatives for the Indian Government, to present a comprehensive analysis of the role and impact of trade facilitation with a view to contribute to improvement in policymaking.