This chapter analyses and discusses the role and contribution of two UN specialized agencies, the World Health Organization (WHO) and the International Labour Organization (ILO), and the wider UN in the development of social policy in the Global South, with a focus on Southern Africa and India. The WHO and ILO support global normative policies with the aim of social protection for all and a commitment to universal health coverage and health for all; the UN has shaped the agenda of wider global social policies. However, the practice and implementation of national social policies is influenced more by development policies, financing, and support within countries. The chapter examines this interplay between international agencies and Southern countries in shaping the global health and social policy agenda.