The emergence of biological threats made microbial forensics develop into an essential multidisciplinary discipline where the study of microorganisms in context of justice is done and it enables experts to trace, analyze and interpretate forensically significant evidence which are collected and preserved from different crime scene, such as bioterrorism, biological crime, hoaxes or accidental release of microorganism or toxins (Schmedes & Budowle, 2015; Shrivastava et al., 2023). Moreover, the integration of microbiology, genomics, forensic science, and epidemiology with law enforcement principles facilitates microbial forensics, enabling the identification, characterization, and source attribution of biological agents to trace their origin and hold perpetrators accountable (Budowle et al., 2005; Khan et al., 2020). In addition, it also describes various aspects of scientific investigation of crime scene, including sample handling, safety, transportation, which can play a crucial role to trace its origin and support investigations related to bioterrorism, biological attacks, criminal acts involving microbes, disease outbreaks, pathogen transmission or unintended releases of biological agents or toxins (Budowle et al., 2003; Budowle, Johnson, et al., 2005; Oliveira & Amorim, 2018; Schmedes & Budowle, 2015).