Key points:

-Medium- and large-scale fishing contribute to complex challenges within the marine environment, which underscores the need for tailored and sustainable management approaches.
-While medium-scale fishing plays a vital role in supporting local economies and livelihoods, large- scale fishing operations often present broader environmental and economic impacts.
-The literature emphasizes the importance of ecosystem-based management, transparency, traceability and stakeholder collaboration to mitigate the negative impacts of medium- and large-scale fishing.

-Effective governance structures, such as legal frameworks, co-management arrangements and adaptive management practices, are considered essential to ensuring that the medium- and large-scale fishing sectors contribute positively to sustainable development.
-Prioritizing effective governance structures can help to strike a balance between ecological conservation and economic objectives, fostering a more sustainable approach to the management of medium- and large-scale fisheries and, by extension, fisheries in general.