The chapter reports a developing picture of the role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in policy and regulation, and the legal limitations and obstacles presented by AI technology. It shows the landscape of AI as a regulatory technology, establishing the need for legal regulation and policy, and dealing with a multiplicity of factors indicative of the emergent nature of digital technology. It discusses the foundational elements of AI, its implications for law and governance, and the conceptualizations that researchers are working with, particularly in relation to algorithmic accountability. A brief overview of different regulatory regimes worldwide, like the EU AI Act and segmental approaches taken in the US, leads to the potential roles of AI as a policymaking tool. The chapter also identified key regulatory challenges and gaps in law, including ineligibility and liability, and examined a number of sector specific regulatory frameworks. The chapter concludes by suggesting a number of future pathways for regulation of AI that are developing new ways to address its emergent nature