Iranian cosmopolitanism has been extensively studied in the domains of sociology, political theory, cultural studies, and Islamic thought; however, the cosmopolitical approach to international relations (IR) from an Iranian perspective has received little attention and remained comparatively overlooked. It becomes vital to explore Iranian cosmopolitanism at times when Western cosmopolitanism is being widely criticised for its theoretical and practical inadequacies. This chapter examines the epistemological contributions of major contemporary Iranian scholars and thinkers in the development of Iranian cosmopolitan thought and its instrumentality in understanding IR from an alternative perspective. It seeks to outline the evolution of IR in Iran, bridging the insights of non-IR Iranian thinkers whose ideas hold relevance for IR with those of scholars and intellectuals directly engaged in the field. This study employs an interpretive methodology grounded in critical political theory and discourse analysis. It draws on secondary sources, including theoretical works, scholarly critiques, speeches, essays, and public commentaries by both Iranian and Western thinkers.