Mangroves are critical carbon sinks, yet changes in their extent and density complicate assessments of carbon sequestration potential. Using recent data (2021–23), this article examines spatial and temporal shifts in India’s mangrove cover across states and density classes. While transitions towards denser categories enhance ecological function, simultaneous divergent changes require nuanced interpretation. By incorporating carbon stock differentials across density classes, the analysis shows that West Bengal and Tamil Nadu experienced net losses in carbon storage potential, whereas Gujarat and Odisha registered net gains over 2021–23.