Historically, the role of Africa in the international cocaine supply chain was minor. West Africa, which is currently a key transshipment hub for cocaine trafficking between Latin America and Europe, witnessed extensive cocaine trafficking for the first time around 2004. The amount of annual cocaine seizures in West Africa increased rapidly from about one metric ton per year pre-2008 to between forty-six and three hundred tons by 2015.¹ This annual increase has continued over time through 2022.² The global increase in the use of cocaine has led to an increase in its production and trafficking,³ with a ripple effect on...