As industries are forced to transition from unsustainable methods to resource-efficient and sustainable production processes, the circular economy (CE) is gaining more significance. The circular economy system is defined as a production and consumption method that leads to material recovery, maintaining products and their materials and parts, optimizing energy consumption, and investing in recycling and reusing technologies so that the product lifecycle can be extended (de Sousa Jabbour et al., 2019). Remanufacturing is defined as “the recovery of the residual value of used products via reusing, refurbishing and/or replacing components such that the end-item that is being re-offered to consumers is restored to like-new condition” (Hazen et al., 2017; Debo et al., 2005). In other words, remanufacturing is using basic materials of used products and making a new product from them. It leads to the prevention of severe resource depletion when the demand for a product exceeds the manufacturing capacity (Pratapa et al., 2022).